冰冻星球第一季

剧情：英国BBC电视台耗时5年制作的纪录片《冰冻地球》于近期推出。这部耗资巨大的纪录片用镜头真实的展现了正在逐渐溶解的地球两极，以及生活在这里的各种生物，片中各个景象让人赞美所见到的事物好到了极点。\r\..展开

剧情：{if:"1. to the ends of the earththe icy world of arctic（北极的) and antarctic（南极的）are as alien to most of us as the surface of another planet.they are places of superlatives(最佳的)It has the ice caps that hold nearly 80% of our planet's fresh water.they are like the places borrowed from fairytales.they are the places that feed our imaginations that is the last wilderness ( [ˈwildənis] n.荒地, 废墟) of our planet.Nowhere is colder, windier or more hostile (恐怖的) to lifethe temperature can reduce to minus 70 degree centigrade.a race to breed before the sun departspolar bear, the most powerful land predator is on the prowl(正在独自寻觅)he seems to relish (享受) her scent（气味）, even though she is miles awaygrunt [grʌnt]v.嘟哝；作呼噜声 n.呼噜声，嘟哝snort：v.哼着鼻子说，轻蔑(或气愤)地哼 n.鼻息声growl [graul]v./ n.狂吠，怒吼；低声咆哮着说话，狺狺声courting polar bears : 求爱中的北极熊the mating moment might be the only tender encounter(遇见) in the male polar bears's solitary life.a rival suitor: rival [ˈraivəl]n.竞争对手 a.竞争的 vt.竞争；与…匹敌suitor [ˈsu:tə, ˈsju:-]n.求婚者，(法律)原告courtship has to be put on hold(求爱的过程必须要先放到一边)the male polar bear is almost spent after the courtship(not only for the mating, but also for the bloody battles with other rival suitors )shearwaters travel from australia to the arctic ocean and form the largest gathering of birds in the world.greenland is the largest island in the world, and in the middle of the island, the ice is almost 2 miles thick. It is a bleak(凄凉的) quiet world.sapphire-blue melt-lakes are the first sign that a dynamic process is under way.sapphire [ˈsæfaiə]n.青玉，蓝宝石 a.天蓝色的when the water from the melt-lakes carves its way across the icy delta, it looks like the blood flowing along the arteries of a stirring cold-blooeded monster stirring [ˈstə:riŋ]a.活跃的；热闹的the melt water lubricates(润滑) the junction between the ice and the rock floor beneath，leading the entire ice sheet sliding dowhill into the ocean.this makes the glacier destroy everything on its drive downwards towards the sea, even cutting its way through Greenland's great mountain ranges this iceberg would dwarf the biggest mankind building.the first land that can be reached from arctic is a bleak, treeless wilderness known as tundraThe trees in the treelines is crushingly(艰难的) difficult.it could take hundreds of years for a seedling to grow into a stunted(发育不正常的) shrub（灌木）.the wolves want to ambush the bison in the woods. the wolf pack can feed on one cub bison for several days.each crystal forms around a particle of dust.All have a six-fold symmetry.Each snowflake is water waiting to be released in spring.phantom:  [ˈfæntəm]n.鬼怪，幽灵，幻象Taiga, the forest which contaisn one-third of all the trees on Earth.starkly(完全) differentPenguins are found only in the Southern Hemishpere.hoothoot [hu:t]v.& n.鸣笛；狂笑squawk发牢骚Gentoo penguinshumpbacks would travel 4000 miles from the equator to the antarctic to feed, to hearvest the richest ocean in the world.feel the lure of the world, but the explorers were confronted(遭遇) by the highest, driest and coldest territory on Earth.bellow：（seal）bellow [ˈbeləu]vi.咆哮 vt.大声喝道 n.喊声[-s]风箱weddell seals are more docile and easier to tackle.the whale pod: 鲸群unleash(发泄) a powerful wave:sideswipes create violent underwater turbulence. lunge to the seal's tailthe most southen vocalno may even be a home for hitherto unknown life formshitherto [ˌhiðəˈtu:]ad.到目前为止，迄今the wind in the antarctic are the fastest on earth, they can reach 200 miles an hourthis sculptured spire is a remnant of a mountain, eroded from all sides by the ferocious elementsferocious [fəˈrəuʃəs]a.凶猛的，残暴的；极度的，十分强烈的the antarctic ice cap is 3 miles in depth and imprisons 70% of the world's fresh water.bone-chilling coldultimate in human endeavour(n.努力，尽力，尝试) and endurance2. SpringAdelie Penguin they come to the bare rock to breed.pebbles are needed to build a decent nest.the spring wind blowing from the center of the continent to the coast are very ferocious(凶猛的，残暴的；极度的，十分强烈的) on the planet, which makes the spring the deadliest season.the den of the polar bear.rise all the cubs to independence can be a rare achievement.one cub is underweight(体重不足)，so it would be fortunate for it to survive.the cub is a welcome snack, but the seals are the mainstay of his diet, cause spring is the time for the seals to have pups(幼崽).although it is more exposed up on the ice surface, but it is easier to see an approaching bear.nine out of ten polar bear hunts end in failure.as spring advances, the ice of the northern river begin to stir. the dam bursts, and the river is unleashed.millions of tons of ice grind their way downstream driven by the unstoppable force of the meltwater.the vast floods of the northern river in the arctic continent contains 10% of the world's fresh water.soon a huge area of ice, the size of australia would vanish and give their place to the sea water.it is not an easy job for the mother polar bear to catch a seal with the two cubs in tow(拖拖拉拉的).fearsome hunterthe mother can be nursing for 4 months without eatting oncenarwhal , the unicore of the arctic ocean.one side concedes(让步).what is the use of tusk of the narwhals? it is still mystericbizzare creatures appear as if from nowhere.They eat the tiny planktons fuelled by the increasing warmth of the sun and is fertilised by the nutrients brought down by the great rivers and released from the melting sea-ice.sea gooseberry(海醋栗) strain(拉紧) the water with their stinging filaments(细丝).Their beating cilia(纤毛) scatter the sun's rays into dazzling burst of color. scatter [ˈskætə]vt.撒(播)；使散开，驱散 vi.分(消)散predatory sea slug flies through the water on translucent(半透明的) it is on the trail of a swimming snail.the most voracious of the plankton eaters are the arctic cod (鳕鱼)for this short period the newly the combination of the strengthening sun flowing rivers and the breaking sea ice, make the arctic ocean teem with life by tracking the sun, arctic poppies罂粟 catch its rays around the clock.the warmth in the flower is even more precious than nectar(甘露) if they are to stay active in the cold.woolly bear caterpillar does not need the warmth from the flowers to kick-start its spring.caterpillar [ˈkætəˌpilə]n.毛虫，蝴蝶的幼虫the caterpillar transform itself into a moth after it got enough reserves from the plants.the caterpillar would freeze solid when winter comes, first its gut, then its blood.its days become frantic()frantic [ˈfræntik]a.慌乱不安的，紧张纷乱的；发疯似的 and it starts to weave a silk cocoon(蝉茧) birds chirpingchirp [tʃə:p]vi.发出啾啾声 the influx of life is good news for the local residents.wolves howlingcubs yelping(咆哮)growlingthe wolf packvicious water wash the Georage island in the antarctic range.the albatross needs 13 months to fledge (长出羽毛，成熟), after getting their fluffy down, they would step up to the challenge of getting into the air.as the winter storms subsides, life begin to return.Macaroni Penguins (黄眉毛的企鹅)the albatross's courtship has the most elaborate displayrenew the bond after apart, and they can spend a further 50 years together, one of the longest parterships in the animal world.harem(闺房，后宫)， the harem of an elephent seal can contain 50 females, coveted（觊觎） by others.the rival is its equal.when these titans crash, bones crunch.the maiden(处女) flight is very crucial for the albatross.the ocean beckon (召唤) the albatross.After laying the egg, the female penguins leave the job of incubating(酿造) them to the males while they go down the sea for fishing.whale whining()whine [wain]v.哀号，号哭3. summerthe melting ice sheet can be 150 miles longas the season advances, the frozen surface of the ocean disintegrates.a watery worldthe polar bears will be dependent on their mother for 2 year 6 months before they earn their own lives. + 10 months for the pregnancy.the polar bear is hungry and searchs the ice maze(迷宫) for seals.（swims 50 miles a day）In the open water, the odds are in the seal's favorthe fur of the polar bear is so dense that the water is easy to shake off. and ice absorbs water like a towel.the red phalaropes flow all the way from the tropics to feed in these rich arctic waters. the tiny creatures flourish in the arctic water.tern： 燕鸥the center of the colony is hardly tranquil place to rise the young.have a feisty(谨慎) attitute to lifefeisty ['faisti] adj.易怒的, 活跃的in a single raid, a bear can destroy hundreds of nests.the terns can draw blood from the polar bear's muzzle.the ducklings（小鸭子） begins their sprint(疾跑) to new life.snowy owl finds plenty of lemmings for his mate.scruffy young of owls (the owlet小猫头鹰) eat two lemmings a day.these owlets keep their parents work around the clockthe owls use their talons to resist from the skua's attack. talon [ˈtælən]n.猛禽的锐爪skua ['skju:ə] n.贼鸥musk oxen are immensely powerful, and their sharp horns can kill.immensely [iˈmensli]ad.极大地，无限地so killing a musk oxen is a formidable task [ˈfɔ:midəbəl]a.可怕的；难以克服的，难对付的a calf(小牛犊)for the musk oxen, it is like one for all, and all for one, and this spirit makes the wolf's attack futilefutile [ˈfju:tail]a.无效的，无用的，无希望的a parent penguin, back with food, must recognizes his chick's call amongst a chorus of 400000 birds.chorus [ˈkɔ:rəs]n.合唱队；合唱；副歌 vt.齐声说，随声附和penguins honkhonk [hɔŋk]n.汽车喇叭声，雁叫声when the tempture reach a sizzling 17 degrees centigrade, the penguins may get heatstroke.sizzle ['sizl] v.(油煎食物时)发出咝咝声, 嘶嘶作响 v.使 ...烧得咝咝作响 v.表现极好 n.咝咝的声音these penguins indulge themselves with the full treatment of the spa (with glorious mud)indulge [inˈdʌldʒ]vt.沉溺(于)；纵容，迁就，肆意从事for the fully feathered adult penguins, their way of staying out of the heatstroke is cleaner and more invigorating, the bracing water of the ocean.invigorate [inˈvigəreit]v.鼓舞，激励bracing [ˈbreisiŋ]a.使心神清爽的seal groansgroan [grəun]vi./ n.呻吟，抱怨；(发出)呻吟般的声音the sharp teeth of the seals inflict terrible injuries.inflict [inˈflikt]vt.(on)把…强加给，使遭受，使承担both algae and krill flourish in the summer sun.the humpbacks drive the krill to the surface and then strain it from the water with the baleen(恶意的) sieves（筛子） in their mouths.the male killer whale can have a long dorsal(背部的) fin as high as 2 meters.they fan out across the strait（海峡） in search of their quarry(猎场)the whale beach itself(搁浅).as the minke whale tires, the battering and biting begins.batter [ˈbætə]v.连续猛击 n.(用鸡蛋等调制的)面糊birds caw [kɔ:]n.& vi.乌鸦叫(声)whale squeal [skwi:l]n.& v.长而尖的叫声dinghy [ˈdiŋgi]n.无篷小船，小艇cautious [ˈkɔ:ʃəs]a.十分小心的，谨慎的3. autumn tempers will flare:over a half a ton of a bear slams into another.slam [slæm]v.砰地关上(放下)；猛烈抨击 n.砰的一声fight to death over the mates: 为了交配争斗到死maroon [məˈru:n]v.使(人)处于孤独无助之境being marooned on land, these bears are no longer able to catch the seals under the ice, so they just scrape whatever they can find.turn vegetarin.polar bears delicately picking out berries from between the thorns when the ice is gone. And they do not need to squabble over them, as there are plenty of berries.squabble [ˈskwɔbəl]n.吵嘴these famous loners are revealing a social playful side in autumn.boisterous [ˈbɔistərəs]a.喧闹的belugas, the white whales of the north.the belugas rely on the open water to reach an ancient rendezvous rendezvous[ˈrɔndivu:]n.约会地点ride piggy-back背驮式ridding piggy-back， the baby beluga can be put on their mother's slipstream.slipstream ['slipˌstri:m] n.(飞机螺旋桨所形成的)滑流 v.(在前面的车辆形成的滑流里)驾驶或循环thousands of belugas are being drawn to one special estuary in the Canadian Arctic for persoanl hygiene.estuary [ˈestʃuəri]n.河口，三角湾hygiene [ˈhaidʒi:n]n.卫生，保健学they flail around with enthusiasm and afte a body scrub.the gravel acts as a loofah and thrashing their bodies across it helps to get rid of their old skin. This treatment can keep them clean and streamlined.\gravel [ˈgrævəl]n.沙砾，砾石loofah ['lu:fə]n. 丝瓜thrash [θræʃ]v.鞭(棒)打；连续拍击(挥动)；彻底击败bliss [blis]n.极乐，福气before the guillemots can leave, their chicks must fledge.guillemot ['gilimɔt] n.海鸠之类的海鸟stubby wings粗短的翅膀he falls short and survived the crashed landing.the chicks are manna from heaven for an Arctic fox. manna ['mænə] n.吗哪(圣经中古以色列人经过荒野所得的神赐食物), 精神食粮, 天赐, 木蜜,甘露Aquatic landings are gentler for the seabirds and the fox can not reach them out there.the first storm from the autumn brings an unexpected bonanza for the few that remain.bonanza [bəˈnænzə]n.走运，发财carcase [kɔ:ps]n.尸体；被废弃的东西the tastiest morsel of the carcase are often underwater. morsel [ˈmɔ:səl]n.少量socialable everyday, over 20 000 square miles of water turn to ice as the cold spreads south.after six months, the cubs have survived the hazards of melting sea-ice in spring and lack of food in summer. and now they are in their element again.hazard [ˈhæzəd]n.危险，公害 vt.尝试着做；冒…风险the bush plants stop to produce the green pigment that harnesses the sun's energy. And red and yellow pigments build up in their leaves.the tundra blazes with color and the whole landscape is transformed.blaze [bleiz]vi.熊熊燃烧；发光；迸发 n.火焰；光辉the bull musk oxen breeds in the autumn. They graze the last of the summer grasses.graze [greiz]vi.吃青草 vt.放牧；擦伤；掠过 n.擦伤(处)the resident must take the intruder's challenge.intruder [inˈtru:də]n.闯入者；打扰者this clash of polar Titans could become a fight to the death.clash [klæʃ]vi.冲突；不协调；砰地相撞 n.冲突；不协调the impact of a rush musk oxen is like a car crash at 30 miles an hour.a heavy skull and a helmet of horn four inches thick, these musk oxen are like the most professional fighting athletes.the advantage between these two fighting musk oxen ebbs and flows.and they try to finish the duel.ebb and flow 兴衰，起伏duel [ˈdju:əl]n.决斗；争论if one can turn the other and gore its flank, the fight is then over.gore [gɔ:]n.凝血，血污flank [flæŋk]n.肋，(动物的)侧边；侧翼 vt.位于…的侧面the stakes rise as the risk of injury or even death increases.stake [steik]n.桩；利害关系，股份；赌注 vt.打赌the rival is out-manoeuvred.: 对手黔驴技穷。as the autumn approaching, the moisture in the air freezes and hoarfrost(霜) decorates the leaves.ice crystals are like diamonds, growing in every twig.twig [twig]n.细枝，嫩枝 glassy cathedrals form ad the remaining water becomes locked up as ice.Caribucaribou [ˈkæribu:]n.北美驯鹿hooves and ice are never meant to go together.hoof [hu:f]n.(马，牛等的)蹄frisky [ˈfriski]a.活泼的，快活的decisive [diˈsaisiv]a.决定性的；坚定的，果断的，决断的a decisive victory for the big male.autumn in antarctic can be a particularly savage and unpredictable time. The seal carcase is a price woth braving the surf for.Giant petrels are the vultures of antarctic.vulture [ˈvʌltʃə]n.秃鹰，兀鹰the word is out and the hords move in.horde [hɔ:d]n.群众，一大群after the feast, it is time for a rinse and spin.rinse [rins]v.漂洗，冲洗 n.漂(冲)洗；染发剂spin [spin]v.旋转；晕眩；纺，织；甩干 n.旋转a storm is an omen about the things to come.omen [ˈəumən]n.兆头rear [riə]n./ a.后部(面，方)(的) vt.养，种work around the clockbuoyancy control is clearly a skill that needs practice.buoyancy ['bɔiənsi] n.浮力, 弹性,心情愉快the great white wilderness is emptysqueeze through the narrow gapstobogganingtoboggan [tə'bɔgən] n.长雪橇 v.乘长雪橇滑行, 骤跌their colony is in the lee of icebergs trapped in the frozen ocean.lee [li:]n.避风处newly formed pairs promenade together.promenade [ˌprɔməˈnɑ:d, ˈprɔmənɑ:d]n.& v.散步，开车兜风courtship of emperor penguins demands that both partners strike and hold a variety of poses.It is an important process, as the bond between the couple will have to be an exceptionally strong one. emperor [ˈempərə]n.皇帝，君主The final act lacks the elegance of the prelude.prelude [ˈprelju:d]n.序曲incubateordeal [ɔ:ˈdi:l]n.苦难经历，折磨，煎熬survive in the most brutal conditions on Earth.walloping towards uswallop [ˈwɔləp, ˈwɑ:ləp]v.& n.重击，猛打so there is a lot of adrenaline [ə'drenəlin] n.肾上腺素(使激动兴奋等) =adrenalinhassle ['hæsl] n.困难, 争吵 v.烦扰penguins keep outsmarting usoutsmart [aut'smɑ:t] v.比...更聪明,智胜go scuba divingscuba ['skju:bə] abbr. 水中呼吸器 (=Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus)enchanting [inˈtʃɑ:ntiŋ]a.讨人喜欢的 belly flop5. winter.plunging temperature:  plunge [plʌndʒ]v./ n.(纵身)投入(水)；猛冲；猛跌，骤降catch more insulationpredator can tackle themyearling ['jiəliŋ] n.一岁的动物, 一岁马winter uses thick snow to smother the forest.raven [ˈreivən]n.渡鸦 vi.抢劫；贪食can-openerwolvorine has another name called glutton [ˈglʌtn]n.贪吃者snow can be an ally for some animalsinsulatorinsulator [ˈinsjuleitə]n.绝缘体,绝热器vole vole [vəul] n.田鼠the weasel is the vole's nemesisnemesis [ˈnemisis]n.报应，天罚 blanketa time to scrape by, to wait.scrape by 勉强通过auroraaurora [ɔ:ˈrɔ:rə]n.极光(南北极夜晚所放彩光)after travelling millions of miles in the space, solar winds, attracted by the magnetic pull of the poles, collide with the earth's atmosphere.Trillions of charged particles dance in the sky.the Aurora Borealis 北极光the northern lightsadj. 北的in the south, it is the Aurora Australis, the southern lights.the weddel seal would also remain in the antarctic continent in the winter.they need to rasping away fresh build-ups with special wide-gaped jaws.sponge [spʌndʒ]n.海绵 vt.用湿海绵(或布)擦，揩swirling patterns in the water reveal the presence of the constant danger in the antarctic ocean in the winter times. That is made by brine, super-concentrated salt water.brine [brain] n.盐水, 海水the lethal cold of winterthe female penguins return sleek and fat after fishing all winter.sleek [sli:k]a.光泽的the female's need for nurture remains strong, any chick that strays from its parent is at grave risk of being kidnapped.stray [strei]vi.走失；走神 a.迷路的 n.走失的家畜nurture [ˈnə:tʃə]vt.／ n.养育，培育，滋养the chaos may be a consequence of frustrated parental urge.frustrate [frʌˈstreit]vt.使沮丧，使灰心；挫败，使受挫折choose between dexterity or warmth.aerial team aerial [ˈeəriəl]a.飞机(航空)的；空中的 n.天线Watching these two animals engaged in this massive life and death struggle was one of the most powerful things I have watched in the wildhos.all of them have been humbled by witnessing an extraordinary winter struggle for survival.humble [ˈhʌmbəl]a.谦逊的；卑贱的；简陋的 vt.使谦恭dexterity [dekˈsteriti]n.纯熟，灵巧6. the last frontierhostile to lifehostile [ˈhɔstail]a.敌对的，敌意的，不友善的；敌方的Longyearbyen: the most northerly town on Earth.the full moon shed the light into the darkness.In Siberia, the Russian Arctic, the minerals have given rise to large cities.Norilsk: the coldest city on Earth.the benefits could outweigh the pain.The Dolgan lives on the tundra of the Arctic region.and they are reindeer peoplereindeer[ˈreindiə]n.驯鹿 the children has to be swen into their clothes to prevent instant frostbite.The Dolgan use reindeer fur to insulate their huts.insulate [ˈinsjuleit]vt.使绝缘，使隔热，使隔音；隔离，使隔绝round up their strongest animals with lassoeslasso [læˈsu:]n.套索(捕捉牛、马用)Some Inuit men live in Chukotka(the northeastern corner of Russia)they fight their way through a dangerous maze.maze [meiz]n.迷宫the ice floes can crash their boat like eggshellspuffs of steamy air puff [pʌf]v.喘气；抽烟；喷出 n.(抽)一口烟；喘息a tow-tonne seal with formidable tusks.formidable [ˈfɔ:midəbəl]a.可怕的；难以克服的，难对付的walrus [ˈwɔ:lrəs]n.海象the parpoon sticks firmly in the walrus's thick layer of blubber and floats attached to it prevent the animal from diving.harpoon [hɑ:ˈpu:n]n.(捕鲸的)鱼叉blubber ['blʌbə] v.哭号, 痛哭流涕n.哭号, 鲸脂, 肥胖adj.肿大的,肥厚的parcel up the meat in bags made of the animal's skin.parcel up vt. 打包(捆扎)walrus-skin boatguillemot ['gilimɔt] n.海鸠之类的海鸟works his way back up the crumbling rock face.crumble [ˈkrʌmbl]vt.弄碎 vi.崩溃，瓦解the frozen ground never thaws to allow these arctic peopleto grow plants.thaw [θɔ:]v.(使)融化；(使)变得友善 n.融化；缓和the reindeer move in the summer not only to find fresh pasture, but also to avoid the summer swarm of bloodsucking flies. The local herders drive their reindeers to the sea to keep them healthy.pasture [ˈpɑ:stʃə]n.牧草地，牧场 vt.放牧cargowalrus' meat has been fermenting in its skin bags for two months.ferment [fəˈment]v.& n.使发酵，骚动the herders barter reindeer skins for walrus meatbarter [ˈbɑ:tə]vi.交易 a fry-up of guillemot eggs is all the better when shared with old friends.the arctic people have devised ways to deal with the hostile and changing conditions, which have stood the test of time.devise [diˈvaiz]vt.发明，策划，想出patrol [pəˈtrəul]v.巡逻，巡查 n.巡逻，巡查；巡逻队the men are totally dependent on the stamina of their dogs, which will keep on running all through the bitter cold of the winter.stamina [ˈstæminə]n.耐力crevasse [krə'væs] n.裂缝, 破口, 崩溃处the Aurora Borealis were dancing spirits. Now we know it is caused by electrically charged particles streaming from the sun attracted by the magnetic pull of the Earth's poles.understanding the aurora is vitalvital [ˈvaitl]a.生死悠关的，极其重要的；充满生机的Alaska use rockets to study the Lights.the smoke is blown by fierce winds,which are generated by the aurora.how this unearthly spectacle affects our atmosphere.spectacle [ˈspektəkəl]n.(大规模)场面；壮观[ pl.]眼镜they monitor the aurora to help protect us from its effects.99% of the land in Antarctica are permanently blanketed by ice.Antarctica is so utterly remote and inhospitable.splendor [ˈsplendə]n.壮丽the lure of adventure still draws intrepid travellers today.intrepid [inˈtrepid]a.勇敢的scenery in Antarctica is magnificent and dramatic.magnificent [mægˈnifisənt]a.壮丽的，宏伟的；华丽的；极好的dramatic [drəˈmætik]a.戏剧的，戏剧性的 n.( pl.)戏剧作品，戏曲international treatynimble [ˈnimbəl]a.灵活的；机智的creep above -30 degrees centigrade.creep [kri:p]vi.爬行，匍匐；蹑手蹑足地走，缓慢地行进Steam from the vents of the vocalno is constantly sculpting this labyrinth that extends deep under the ice.labyrinth [ˈlæbərinθ]n.迷宫scientists work on the very rim of Erbus craterrim [rim]n.(圆形物体的)边，缘 vt.绕...边缘crater [ˈkreitə]n.火山口；坑(如陨石坑，弹坑等)cling film n. 食品薄膜Scott hauled their sleds over 100 miles up a glacier, the Beardmore.haul [hɔ:l]vt./ n.(用力)拖，拉；(用车等)拖运，运送the Antarctica plateau,covered by an unbroken sheet of ice larger than Western Europe, is the coldest, the windiest, the most lifeless place on Earth.plateau [ˈplætəu]n.高原；(上升后的)稳定时期(或状态)stargazerstargazer ['stɑ:ˌgeizə] n.空想家,占星师,天文学家, 看星星的人open up the last frontiertake their lives in their hands everyday to find the food.intestine [inˈtestin]n.肠the cliff can be treacherous treacherous [ˈtretʃərəs]a.背叛的；危险的If he fell on that, it is absolutely horrendous.horrendous [hɔˈrendəs]sketchy [ˈsketʃi]a.粗略的a.可怕的，令人惊惧的most hardcore thing7. on thin iceNorwegian teamyearly health checkanaesthetic injection from a dart gun without hurting the bear.adj.麻醉的 n.麻醉剂, 麻醉 =anesthetic(美)anesthetic [ˌænisˈθetik]n.麻醉剂lolling about unconscious on the ice is not a good sign for the polar bears.loll [lɔl]v.懒洋洋地坐或卧the condition of the local bear deterioratedeteriorate [diˈtiəriəreit]vi.恶化，变坏apprehensive [ˌæpriˈhensiv]a.忧虑的the pup of the ringed seal As the ice dwindles, so the bear's chances of a successful hunt.it is a case of sink or swim.blanket toss(类似跳床的扔毯子)For the animals and people, it will be those who can adapt who will thrive in a changing Arctic.As the ice can reflect 90% of the sun's energy, it is called albedo effect. That is why we see the heat haze in the Arctic even when the air feels cold.The whole Arctic works as a huge reflector bouncing back the sun's heat into space.The whole Arctic absorbing heat rather than reflecting it, makes it the region the size of North America.rumble [ˈrʌmbl]vi./ n.(发)隆隆声(行进) vt.察觉，识破the running water flowing from the sappphire-blue lakes come to an abrupt end. abrupt [əˈbrʌpt]a.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的Mulin is a pipe through the thick ice sheet which flows lots of water through.tonnes of water cascade down this pipe that is effectively plummeting to the depths of the ice sheet through over a kilometer of vertical ice.moulin [mu:'læn] n.冰川壶穴they travel back in time, 40 meters down, they reach the ice that formed from the snow that fell 10, 000 years ago, in the last ice age.swamp most of the world's low-lying islands.the study of the ice retreat was unwittingly begun on an expedition led by the great earliest expleror Ernest Shackleton in tribute to Schackleton and his boatmenthe penguins number are in decline.a one kilogram of pentolite explosive can be used to generate a shockwave.pentolite ['pentəlait]n. 烈性炸药record the echoes that come back from underneath the ice.I gauge when the river is going to hit here.gauge [geidʒ]n.测量仪表；直径；规格 vt.估计；计量8. sciences at the end of the earth.the vegetables are grown using a system of hydroponicshydroponic [ˌhaidrə'pɔnik] adj. 水栽法的Inside here is a comfortable 25 degrees Celsius meteorologymeteorology [mi:tiəˈrɔlədʒi]n.气象学specimensspecimen [ˈspesəmən]n.标本，样本transantarcticthe appalling surface of the transantarctic mountains in the antarctic region.appalling [əˈpɔ:liŋ]a.骇人的，可怕的plateauthe achievement was tainted by the fact that the Norwegian team got there first.Scott and others perished on their return journey.the dome was superseded. Its panels dismantled and removed without trace in 2010.supersede [ˌsu:pəˈsi:d, ˌsju:-]vt.取代modern ground-penetrating radar which can effectively see through the ice.penetrate [ˈpenitreit]v.透(渗)入；刺入，刺穿；洞察，了解"<>""}1. to the ends of the earththe icy world of arctic（北极的) and antarctic（南极的）are as alien to most of us as the surface of another planet.they are places of superlatives(最佳的)It has the ice caps that hold nearly 80% of our planet's fresh water.they are like the places borrowed from fairytales.they are the places that feed our imaginations that is the last wilderness ( [ˈwildənis] n.荒地, 废墟) of our planet.Nowhere is colder, windier or more hostile (恐怖的) to lifethe temperature can reduce to minus 70 degree centigrade.a race to breed before the sun departspolar bear, the most powerful land predator is on the prowl(正在独自寻觅)he seems to relish (享受) her scent（气味）, even though she is miles awaygrunt [grʌnt]v.嘟哝；作呼噜声 n.呼噜声，嘟哝snort：v.哼着鼻子说，轻蔑(或气愤)地哼 n.鼻息声growl [graul]v./ n.狂吠，怒吼；低声咆哮着说话，狺狺声courting polar bears : 求爱中的北极熊the mating moment might be the only tender encounter(遇见) in the male polar bears's solitary life.a rival suitor: rival [ˈraivəl]n.竞争对手 a.竞争的 vt.竞争；与…匹敌suitor [ˈsu:tə, ˈsju:-]n.求婚者，(法律)原告courtship has to be put on hold(求爱的过程必须要先放到一边)the male polar bear is almost spent after the courtship(not only for the mating, but also for the bloody battles with other rival suitors )shearwaters travel from australia to the arctic ocean and form the largest gathering of birds in the world.greenland is the largest island in the world, and in the middle of the island, the ice is almost 2 miles thick. It is a bleak(凄凉的) quiet world.sapphire-blue melt-lakes are the first sign that a dynamic process is under way.sapphire [ˈsæfaiə]n.青玉，蓝宝石 a.天蓝色的when the water from the melt-lakes carves its way across the icy delta, it looks like the blood flowing along the arteries of a stirring cold-blooeded monster stirring [ˈstə:riŋ]a.活跃的；热闹的the melt water lubricates(润滑) the junction between the ice and the rock floor beneath，leading the entire ice sheet sliding dowhill into the ocean.this makes the glacier destroy everything on its drive downwards towards the sea, even cutting its way through Greenland's great mountain ranges this iceberg would dwarf the biggest mankind building.the first land that can be reached from arctic is a bleak, treeless wilderness known as tundraThe trees in the treelines is crushingly(艰难的) difficult.it could take hundreds of years for a seedling to grow into a stunted(发育不正常的) shrub（灌木）.the wolves want to ambush the bison in the woods. the wolf pack can feed on one cub bison for several days.each crystal forms around a particle of dust.All have a six-fold symmetry.Each snowflake is water waiting to be released in spring.phantom:  [ˈfæntəm]n.鬼怪，幽灵，幻象Taiga, the forest which contaisn one-third of all the trees on Earth.starkly(完全) differentPenguins are found only in the Southern Hemishpere.hoothoot [hu:t]v.& n.鸣笛；狂笑squawk发牢骚Gentoo penguinshumpbacks would travel 4000 miles from the equator to the antarctic to feed, to hearvest the richest ocean in the world.feel the lure of the world, but the explorers were confronted(遭遇) by the highest, driest and coldest territory on Earth.bellow：（seal）bellow [ˈbeləu]vi.咆哮 vt.大声喝道 n.喊声[-s]风箱weddell seals are more docile and easier to tackle.the whale pod: 鲸群unleash(发泄) a powerful wave:sideswipes create violent underwater turbulence. lunge to the seal's tailthe most southen vocalno may even be a home for hitherto unknown life formshitherto [ˌhiðəˈtu:]ad.到目前为止，迄今the wind in the antarctic are the fastest on earth, they can reach 200 miles an hourthis sculptured spire is a remnant of a mountain, eroded from all sides by the ferocious elementsferocious [fəˈrəuʃəs]a.凶猛的，残暴的；极度的，十分强烈的the antarctic ice cap is 3 miles in depth and imprisons 70% of the world's fresh water.bone-chilling coldultimate in human endeavour(n.努力，尽力，尝试) and endurance2. SpringAdelie Penguin they come to the bare rock to breed.pebbles are needed to build a decent nest.the spring wind blowing from the center of the continent to the coast are very ferocious(凶猛的，残暴的；极度的，十分强烈的) on the planet, which makes the spring the deadliest season.the den of the polar bear.rise all the cubs to independence can be a rare achievement.one cub is underweight(体重不足)，so it would be fortunate for it to survive.the cub is a welcome snack, but the seals are the mainstay of his diet, cause spring is the time for the seals to have pups(幼崽).although it is more exposed up on the ice surface, but it is easier to see an approaching bear.nine out of ten polar bear hunts end in failure.as spring advances, the ice of the northern river begin to stir. the dam bursts, and the river is unleashed.millions of tons of ice grind their way downstream driven by the unstoppable force of the meltwater.the vast floods of the northern river in the arctic continent contains 10% of the world's fresh water.soon a huge area of ice, the size of australia would vanish and give their place to the sea water.it is not an easy job for the mother polar bear to catch a seal with the two cubs in tow(拖拖拉拉的).fearsome hunterthe mother can be nursing for 4 months without eatting oncenarwhal , the unicore of the arctic ocean.one side concedes(让步).what is the use of tusk of the narwhals? it is still mystericbizzare creatures appear as if from nowhere.They eat the tiny planktons fuelled by the increasing warmth of the sun and is fertilised by the nutrients brought down by the great rivers and released from the melting sea-ice.sea gooseberry(海醋栗) strain(拉紧) the water with their stinging filaments(细丝).Their beating cilia(纤毛) scatter the sun's rays into dazzling burst of color. scatter [ˈskætə]vt.撒(播)；使散开，驱散 vi.分(消)散predatory sea slug flies through the water on translucent(半透明的) it is on the trail of a swimming snail.the most voracious of the plankton eaters are the arctic cod (鳕鱼)for this short period the newly the combination of the strengthening sun flowing rivers and the breaking sea ice, make the arctic ocean teem with life by tracking the sun, arctic poppies罂粟 catch its rays around the clock.the warmth in the flower is even more precious than nectar(甘露) if they are to stay active in the cold.woolly bear caterpillar does not need the warmth from the flowers to kick-start its spring.caterpillar [ˈkætəˌpilə]n.毛虫，蝴蝶的幼虫the caterpillar transform itself into a moth after it got enough reserves from the plants.the caterpillar would freeze solid when winter comes, first its gut, then its blood.its days become frantic()frantic [ˈfræntik]a.慌乱不安的，紧张纷乱的；发疯似的 and it starts to weave a silk cocoon(蝉茧) birds chirpingchirp [tʃə:p]vi.发出啾啾声 the influx of life is good news for the local residents.wolves howlingcubs yelping(咆哮)growlingthe wolf packvicious water wash the Georage island in the antarctic range.the albatross needs 13 months to fledge (长出羽毛，成熟), after getting their fluffy down, they would step up to the challenge of getting into the air.as the winter storms subsides, life begin to return.Macaroni Penguins (黄眉毛的企鹅)the albatross's courtship has the most elaborate displayrenew the bond after apart, and they can spend a further 50 years together, one of the longest parterships in the animal world.harem(闺房，后宫)， the harem of an elephent seal can contain 50 females, coveted（觊觎） by others.the rival is its equal.when these titans crash, bones crunch.the maiden(处女) flight is very crucial for the albatross.the ocean beckon (召唤) the albatross.After laying the egg, the female penguins leave the job of incubating(酿造) them to the males while they go down the sea for fishing.whale whining()whine [wain]v.哀号，号哭3. summerthe melting ice sheet can be 150 miles longas the season advances, the frozen surface of the ocean disintegrates.a watery worldthe polar bears will be dependent on their mother for 2 year 6 months before they earn their own lives. + 10 months for the pregnancy.the polar bear is hungry and searchs the ice maze(迷宫) for seals.（swims 50 miles a day）In the open water, the odds are in the seal's favorthe fur of the polar bear is so dense that the water is easy to shake off. and ice absorbs water like a towel.the red phalaropes flow all the way from the tropics to feed in these rich arctic waters. the tiny creatures flourish in the arctic water.tern： 燕鸥the center of the colony is hardly tranquil place to rise the young.have a feisty(谨慎) attitute to lifefeisty ['faisti] adj.易怒的, 活跃的in a single raid, a bear can destroy hundreds of nests.the terns can draw blood from the polar bear's muzzle.the ducklings（小鸭子） begins their sprint(疾跑) to new life.snowy owl finds plenty of lemmings for his mate.scruffy young of owls (the owlet小猫头鹰) eat two lemmings a day.these owlets keep their parents work around the clockthe owls use their talons to resist from the skua's attack. talon [ˈtælən]n.猛禽的锐爪skua ['skju:ə] n.贼鸥musk oxen are immensely powerful, and their sharp horns can kill.immensely [iˈmensli]ad.极大地，无限地so killing a musk oxen is a formidable task [ˈfɔ:midəbəl]a.可怕的；难以克服的，难对付的a calf(小牛犊)for the musk oxen, it is like one for all, and all for one, and this spirit makes the wolf's attack futilefutile [ˈfju:tail]a.无效的，无用的，无希望的a parent penguin, back with food, must recognizes his chick's call amongst a chorus of 400000 birds.chorus [ˈkɔ:rəs]n.合唱队；合唱；副歌 vt.齐声说，随声附和penguins honkhonk [hɔŋk]n.汽车喇叭声，雁叫声when the tempture reach a sizzling 17 degrees centigrade, the penguins may get heatstroke.sizzle ['sizl] v.(油煎食物时)发出咝咝声, 嘶嘶作响 v.使 ...烧得咝咝作响 v.表现极好 n.咝咝的声音these penguins indulge themselves with the full treatment of the spa (with glorious mud)indulge [inˈdʌldʒ]vt.沉溺(于)；纵容，迁就，肆意从事for the fully feathered adult penguins, their way of staying out of the heatstroke is cleaner and more invigorating, the bracing water of the ocean.invigorate [inˈvigəreit]v.鼓舞，激励bracing [ˈbreisiŋ]a.使心神清爽的seal groansgroan [grəun]vi./ n.呻吟，抱怨；(发出)呻吟般的声音the sharp teeth of the seals inflict terrible injuries.inflict [inˈflikt]vt.(on)把…强加给，使遭受，使承担both algae and krill flourish in the summer sun.the humpbacks drive the krill to the surface and then strain it from the water with the baleen(恶意的) sieves（筛子） in their mouths.the male killer whale can have a long dorsal(背部的) fin as high as 2 meters.they fan out across the strait（海峡） in search of their quarry(猎场)the whale beach itself(搁浅).as the minke whale tires, the battering and biting begins.batter [ˈbætə]v.连续猛击 n.(用鸡蛋等调制的)面糊birds caw [kɔ:]n.& vi.乌鸦叫(声)whale squeal [skwi:l]n.& v.长而尖的叫声dinghy [ˈdiŋgi]n.无篷小船，小艇cautious [ˈkɔ:ʃəs]a.十分小心的，谨慎的3. autumn tempers will flare:over a half a ton of a bear slams into another.slam [slæm]v.砰地关上(放下)；猛烈抨击 n.砰的一声fight to death over the mates: 为了交配争斗到死maroon [məˈru:n]v.使(人)处于孤独无助之境being marooned on land, these bears are no longer able to catch the seals under the ice, so they just scrape whatever they can find.turn vegetarin.polar bears delicately picking out berries from between the thorns when the ice is gone. And they do not need to squabble over them, as there are plenty of berries.squabble [ˈskwɔbəl]n.吵嘴these famous loners are revealing a social playful side in autumn.boisterous [ˈbɔistərəs]a.喧闹的belugas, the white whales of the north.the belugas rely on the open water to reach an ancient rendezvous rendezvous[ˈrɔndivu:]n.约会地点ride piggy-back背驮式ridding piggy-back， the baby beluga can be put on their mother's slipstream.slipstream ['slipˌstri:m] n.(飞机螺旋桨所形成的)滑流 v.(在前面的车辆形成的滑流里)驾驶或循环thousands of belugas are being drawn to one special estuary in the Canadian Arctic for persoanl hygiene.estuary [ˈestʃuəri]n.河口，三角湾hygiene [ˈhaidʒi:n]n.卫生，保健学they flail around with enthusiasm and afte a body scrub.the gravel acts as a loofah and thrashing their bodies across it helps to get rid of their old skin. This treatment can keep them clean and streamlined.\gravel [ˈgrævəl]n.沙砾，砾石loofah ['lu:fə]n. 丝瓜thrash [θræʃ]v.鞭(棒)打；连续拍击(挥动)；彻底击败bliss [blis]n.极乐，福气before the guillemots can leave, their chicks must fledge.guillemot ['gilimɔt] n.海鸠之类的海鸟stubby wings粗短的翅膀he falls short and survived the crashed landing.the chicks are manna from heaven for an Arctic fox. manna ['mænə] n.吗哪(圣经中古以色列人经过荒野所得的神赐食物), 精神食粮, 天赐, 木蜜,甘露Aquatic landings are gentler for the seabirds and the fox can not reach them out there.the first storm from the autumn brings an unexpected bonanza for the few that remain.bonanza [bəˈnænzə]n.走运，发财carcase [kɔ:ps]n.尸体；被废弃的东西the tastiest morsel of the carcase are often underwater. morsel [ˈmɔ:səl]n.少量socialable everyday, over 20 000 square miles of water turn to ice as the cold spreads south.after six months, the cubs have survived the hazards of melting sea-ice in spring and lack of food in summer. and now they are in their element again.hazard [ˈhæzəd]n.危险，公害 vt.尝试着做；冒…风险the bush plants stop to produce the green pigment that harnesses the sun's energy. And red and yellow pigments build up in their leaves.the tundra blazes with color and the whole landscape is transformed.blaze [bleiz]vi.熊熊燃烧；发光；迸发 n.火焰；光辉the bull musk oxen breeds in the autumn. They graze the last of the summer grasses.graze [greiz]vi.吃青草 vt.放牧；擦伤；掠过 n.擦伤(处)the resident must take the intruder's challenge.intruder [inˈtru:də]n.闯入者；打扰者this clash of polar Titans could become a fight to the death.clash [klæʃ]vi.冲突；不协调；砰地相撞 n.冲突；不协调the impact of a rush musk oxen is like a car crash at 30 miles an hour.a heavy skull and a helmet of horn four inches thick, these musk oxen are like the most professional fighting athletes.the advantage between these two fighting musk oxen ebbs and flows.and they try to finish the duel.ebb and flow 兴衰，起伏duel [ˈdju:əl]n.决斗；争论if one can turn the other and gore its flank, the fight is then over.gore [gɔ:]n.凝血，血污flank [flæŋk]n.肋，(动物的)侧边；侧翼 vt.位于…的侧面the stakes rise as the risk of injury or even death increases.stake [steik]n.桩；利害关系，股份；赌注 vt.打赌the rival is out-manoeuvred.: 对手黔驴技穷。as the autumn approaching, the moisture in the air freezes and hoarfrost(霜) decorates the leaves.ice crystals are like diamonds, growing in every twig.twig [twig]n.细枝，嫩枝 glassy cathedrals form ad the remaining water becomes locked up as ice.Caribucaribou [ˈkæribu:]n.北美驯鹿hooves and ice are never meant to go together.hoof [hu:f]n.(马，牛等的)蹄frisky [ˈfriski]a.活泼的，快活的decisive [diˈsaisiv]a.决定性的；坚定的，果断的，决断的a decisive victory for the big male.autumn in antarctic can be a particularly savage and unpredictable time. The seal carcase is a price woth braving the surf for.Giant petrels are the vultures of antarctic.vulture [ˈvʌltʃə]n.秃鹰，兀鹰the word is out and the hords move in.horde [hɔ:d]n.群众，一大群after the feast, it is time for a rinse and spin.rinse [rins]v.漂洗，冲洗 n.漂(冲)洗；染发剂spin [spin]v.旋转；晕眩；纺，织；甩干 n.旋转a storm is an omen about the things to come.omen [ˈəumən]n.兆头rear [riə]n./ a.后部(面，方)(的) vt.养，种work around the clockbuoyancy control is clearly a skill that needs practice.buoyancy ['bɔiənsi] n.浮力, 弹性,心情愉快the great white wilderness is emptysqueeze through the narrow gapstobogganingtoboggan [tə'bɔgən] n.长雪橇 v.乘长雪橇滑行, 骤跌their colony is in the lee of icebergs trapped in the frozen ocean.lee [li:]n.避风处newly formed pairs promenade together.promenade [ˌprɔməˈnɑ:d, ˈprɔmənɑ:d]n.& v.散步，开车兜风courtship of emperor penguins demands that both partners strike and hold a variety of poses.It is an important process, as the bond between the couple will have to be an exceptionally strong one. emperor [ˈempərə]n.皇帝，君主The final act lacks the elegance of the prelude.prelude [ˈprelju:d]n.序曲incubateordeal [ɔ:ˈdi:l]n.苦难经历，折磨，煎熬survive in the most brutal conditions on Earth.walloping towards uswallop [ˈwɔləp, ˈwɑ:ləp]v.& n.重击，猛打so there is a lot of adrenaline [ə'drenəlin] n.肾上腺素(使激动兴奋等) =adrenalinhassle ['hæsl] n.困难, 争吵 v.烦扰penguins keep outsmarting usoutsmart [aut'smɑ:t] v.比...更聪明,智胜go scuba divingscuba ['skju:bə] abbr. 水中呼吸器 (=Self-Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus)enchanting [inˈtʃɑ:ntiŋ]a.讨人喜欢的 belly flop5. winter.plunging temperature:  plunge [plʌndʒ]v./ n.(纵身)投入(水)；猛冲；猛跌，骤降catch more insulationpredator can tackle themyearling ['jiəliŋ] n.一岁的动物, 一岁马winter uses thick snow to smother the forest.raven [ˈreivən]n.渡鸦 vi.抢劫；贪食can-openerwolvorine has another name called glutton [ˈglʌtn]n.贪吃者snow can be an ally for some animalsinsulatorinsulator [ˈinsjuleitə]n.绝缘体,绝热器vole vole [vəul] n.田鼠the weasel is the vole's nemesisnemesis [ˈnemisis]n.报应，天罚 blanketa time to scrape by, to wait.scrape by 勉强通过auroraaurora [ɔ:ˈrɔ:rə]n.极光(南北极夜晚所放彩光)after travelling millions of miles in the space, solar winds, attracted by the magnetic pull of the poles, collide with the earth's atmosphere.Trillions of charged particles dance in the sky.the Aurora Borealis 北极光the northern lightsadj. 北的in the south, it is the Aurora Australis, the southern lights.the weddel seal would also remain in the antarctic continent in the winter.they need to rasping away fresh build-ups with special wide-gaped jaws.sponge [spʌndʒ]n.海绵 vt.用湿海绵(或布)擦，揩swirling patterns in the water reveal the presence of the constant danger in the antarctic ocean in the winter times. That is made by brine, super-concentrated salt water.brine [brain] n.盐水, 海水the lethal cold of winterthe female penguins return sleek and fat after fishing all winter.sleek [sli:k]a.光泽的the female's need for nurture remains strong, any chick that strays from its parent is at grave risk of being kidnapped.stray [strei]vi.走失；走神 a.迷路的 n.走失的家畜nurture [ˈnə:tʃə]vt.／ n.养育，培育，滋养the chaos may be a consequence of frustrated parental urge.frustrate [frʌˈstreit]vt.使沮丧，使灰心；挫败，使受挫折choose between dexterity or warmth.aerial team aerial [ˈeəriəl]a.飞机(航空)的；空中的 n.天线Watching these two animals engaged in this massive life and death struggle was one of the most powerful things I have watched in the wildhos.all of them have been humbled by witnessing an extraordinary winter struggle for survival.humble [ˈhʌmbəl]a.谦逊的；卑贱的；简陋的 vt.使谦恭dexterity [dekˈsteriti]n.纯熟，灵巧6. the last frontierhostile to lifehostile [ˈhɔstail]a.敌对的，敌意的，不友善的；敌方的Longyearbyen: the most northerly town on Earth.the full moon shed the light into the darkness.In Siberia, the Russian Arctic, the minerals have given rise to large cities.Norilsk: the coldest city on Earth.the benefits could outweigh the pain.The Dolgan lives on the tundra of the Arctic region.and they are reindeer peoplereindeer[ˈreindiə]n.驯鹿 the children has to be swen into their clothes to prevent instant frostbite.The Dolgan use reindeer fur to insulate their huts.insulate [ˈinsjuleit]vt.使绝缘，使隔热，使隔音；隔离，使隔绝round up their strongest animals with lassoeslasso [læˈsu:]n.套索(捕捉牛、马用)Some Inuit men live in Chukotka(the northeastern corner of Russia)they fight their way through a dangerous maze.maze [meiz]n.迷宫the ice floes can crash their boat like eggshellspuffs of steamy air puff [pʌf]v.喘气；抽烟；喷出 n.(抽)一口烟；喘息a tow-tonne seal with formidable tusks.formidable [ˈfɔ:midəbəl]a.可怕的；难以克服的，难对付的walrus [ˈwɔ:lrəs]n.海象the parpoon sticks firmly in the walrus's thick layer of blubber and floats attached to it prevent the animal from diving.harpoon [hɑ:ˈpu:n]n.(捕鲸的)鱼叉blubber ['blʌbə] v.哭号, 痛哭流涕n.哭号, 鲸脂, 肥胖adj.肿大的,肥厚的parcel up the meat in bags made of the animal's skin.parcel up vt. 打包(捆扎)walrus-skin boatguillemot ['gilimɔt] n.海鸠之类的海鸟works his way back up the crumbling rock face.crumble [ˈkrʌmbl]vt.弄碎 vi.崩溃，瓦解the frozen ground never thaws to allow these arctic peopleto grow plants.thaw [θɔ:]v.(使)融化；(使)变得友善 n.融化；缓和the reindeer move in the summer not only to find fresh pasture, but also to avoid the summer swarm of bloodsucking flies. The local herders drive their reindeers to the sea to keep them healthy.pasture [ˈpɑ:stʃə]n.牧草地，牧场 vt.放牧cargowalrus' meat has been fermenting in its skin bags for two months.ferment [fəˈment]v.& n.使发酵，骚动the herders barter reindeer skins for walrus meatbarter [ˈbɑ:tə]vi.交易 a fry-up of guillemot eggs is all the better when shared with old friends.the arctic people have devised ways to deal with the hostile and changing conditions, which have stood the test of time.devise [diˈvaiz]vt.发明，策划，想出patrol [pəˈtrəul]v.巡逻，巡查 n.巡逻，巡查；巡逻队the men are totally dependent on the stamina of their dogs, which will keep on running all through the bitter cold of the winter.stamina [ˈstæminə]n.耐力crevasse [krə'væs] n.裂缝, 破口, 崩溃处the Aurora Borealis were dancing spirits. Now we know it is caused by electrically charged particles streaming from the sun attracted by the magnetic pull of the Earth's poles.understanding the aurora is vitalvital [ˈvaitl]a.生死悠关的，极其重要的；充满生机的Alaska use rockets to study the Lights.the smoke is blown by fierce winds,which are generated by the aurora.how this unearthly spectacle affects our atmosphere.spectacle [ˈspektəkəl]n.(大规模)场面；壮观[ pl.]眼镜they monitor the aurora to help protect us from its effects.99% of the land in Antarctica are permanently blanketed by ice.Antarctica is so utterly remote and inhospitable.splendor [ˈsplendə]n.壮丽the lure of adventure still draws intrepid travellers today.intrepid [inˈtrepid]a.勇敢的scenery in Antarctica is magnificent and dramatic.magnificent [mægˈnifisənt]a.壮丽的，宏伟的；华丽的；极好的dramatic [drəˈmætik]a.戏剧的，戏剧性的 n.( pl.)戏剧作品，戏曲international treatynimble [ˈnimbəl]a.灵活的；机智的creep above -30 degrees centigrade.creep [kri:p]vi.爬行，匍匐；蹑手蹑足地走，缓慢地行进Steam from the vents of the vocalno is constantly sculpting this labyrinth that extends deep under the ice.labyrinth [ˈlæbərinθ]n.迷宫scientists work on the very rim of Erbus craterrim [rim]n.(圆形物体的)边，缘 vt.绕...边缘crater [ˈkreitə]n.火山口；坑(如陨石坑，弹坑等)cling film n. 食品薄膜Scott hauled their sleds over 100 miles up a glacier, the Beardmore.haul [hɔ:l]vt./ n.(用力)拖，拉；(用车等)拖运，运送the Antarctica plateau,covered by an unbroken sheet of ice larger than Western Europe, is the coldest, the windiest, the most lifeless place on Earth.plateau [ˈplætəu]n.高原；(上升后的)稳定时期(或状态)stargazerstargazer ['stɑ:ˌgeizə] n.空想家,占星师,天文学家, 看星星的人open up the last frontiertake their lives in their hands everyday to find the food.intestine [inˈtestin]n.肠the cliff can be treacherous treacherous [ˈtretʃərəs]a.背叛的；危险的If he fell on that, it is absolutely horrendous.horrendous [hɔˈrendəs]sketchy [ˈsketʃi]a.粗略的a.可怕的，令人惊惧的most hardcore thing7. on thin iceNorwegian teamyearly health checkanaesthetic injection from a dart gun without hurting the bear.adj.麻醉的 n.麻醉剂, 麻醉 =anesthetic(美)anesthetic [ˌænisˈθetik]n.麻醉剂lolling about unconscious on the ice is not a good sign for the polar bears.loll [lɔl]v.懒洋洋地坐或卧the condition of the local bear deterioratedeteriorate [diˈtiəriəreit]vi.恶化，变坏apprehensive [ˌæpriˈhensiv]a.忧虑的the pup of the ringed seal As the ice dwindles, so the bear's chances of a successful hunt.it is a case of sink or swim.blanket toss(类似跳床的扔毯子)For the animals and people, it will be those who can adapt who will thrive in a changing Arctic.As the ice can reflect 90% of the sun's energy, it is called albedo effect. That is why we see the heat haze in the Arctic even when the air feels cold.The whole Arctic works as a huge reflector bouncing back the sun's heat into space.The whole Arctic absorbing heat rather than reflecting it, makes it the region the size of North America.rumble [ˈrʌmbl]vi./ n.(发)隆隆声(行进) vt.察觉，识破the running water flowing from the sappphire-blue lakes come to an abrupt end. abrupt [əˈbrʌpt]a.突然的，意外的；唐突的，鲁莽的Mulin is a pipe through the thick ice sheet which flows lots of water through.tonnes of water cascade down this pipe that is effectively plummeting to the depths of the ice sheet through over a kilometer of vertical ice.moulin [mu:'læn] n.冰川壶穴they travel back in time, 40 meters down, they reach the ice that formed from the snow that fell 10, 000 years ago, in the last ice age.swamp most of the world's low-lying islands.the study of the ice retreat was unwittingly begun on an expedition led by the great earliest expleror Ernest Shackleton in tribute to Schackleton and his boatmenthe penguins number are in decline.a one kilogram of pentolite explosive can be used to generate a shockwave.pentolite ['pentəlait]n. 烈性炸药record the echoes that come back from underneath the ice.I gauge when the river is going to hit here.gauge [geidʒ]n.测量仪表；直径；规格 vt.估计；计量8. sciences at the end of the earth.the vegetables are grown using a system of hydroponicshydroponic [ˌhaidrə'pɔnik] adj. 水栽法的Inside here is a comfortable 25 degrees Celsius meteorologymeteorology [mi:tiəˈrɔlədʒi]n.气象学specimensspecimen [ˈspesəmən]n.标本，样本transantarcticthe appalling surface of the transantarctic mountains in the antarctic region.appalling [əˈpɔ:liŋ]a.骇人的，可怕的plateauthe achievement was tainted by the fact that the Norwegian team got there first.Scott and others perished on their return journey.the dome was superseded. Its panels dismantled and removed without trace in 2010.supersede [ˌsu:pəˈsi:d, ˌsju:-]vt.取代modern ground-penetrating radar which can effectively see through the ice.penetrate [ˈpenitreit]v.透(渗)入；刺入，刺穿；洞察，了解{else}英国BBC电视台耗时5年制作的纪录片《冰冻地球》于近期推出。这部耗资巨大的纪录片用镜头真实的展现了正在逐渐溶解的地球两极，以及生活在这里的各种生物，片中各个景象让人赞美所见到的事物好到了极点。\r\n　　纪录片的解说员大卫·艾登堡（DavidAttenborough）爵士称，这可能是人类在地球气候产生剧烈变化前欣赏到这一景象的最后的机会了。现年85岁的艾登堡爵士说，“这部纪录片捕捉了此前从未记录下来的很多行为和现象。随着时间的流逝，这些影像将会变得越来越珍贵，因为这很可能是我们最后的机会去记录下这些珍贵的场景。虽然在我们到达前的数百年甚至几千年前，地球两极的景象非常壮观，但是最近一个世纪以来，很多变化已经超过了人们的认识。”\r\n　　《冰冻地球》的摄制组采用了可以在低温下工作的特殊摄影机进行拍摄。这部耗时5年才问世的纪录片捕捉了很多珍贵的画面，表现出大自然神秘奇幻的一面：包括冰山崩...{end if}收起